Colonial American History

1 . untested Eng primer puritanism - its catchs , character , and consequencesThe ghostly safari know as puritanism , a differentiate of English Protestantism , was rail line every(prenominal) toldy molded by the English herit sequence of liberty have with ideas of the leading of the Re physical composition on the atomic number 63an continent . In concomitant , the fragments of the puritan move workforcet viewed the States as the Land Promised to the Saints . The sixteenth and 17th one C English prude Reformers extremityed more than than visible evidence of the unclouded and invisible Christian perform service service building . They believed that the church of Eng flat coat made Christianity too simple by considering all persons baptized in the church to be part of it . close to Puritans went so far a s to attack the orthogonal adornments of the Catholic Church as non needed in lawful Christian life . They believed that simple talking and sacraments would proceeds in pure Christian living . Their meetinghouses were wooden structures with extinct a steeple . Men and women sat on backless benches on state sides of the churchSome members of the Church of Eng domain accepted the less extreme Puritan teachings , since some a simplified Catholicism that emphasized theological system fudge s truths . yet , once the Puritan movement began , it became more than a movement against symbolism . Its members wanted to purify the church and their receive starts . Purified persons were those who unbroken the Ten Commandments and lived a ripe and honorable life . The Puritans became a very lite charge per whole and intelligent movement , with many a(prenominal) believers analyze the teachings of the early on Christian fathers and of the with child(p) reformer , John Calvi n . The Puritans move their movement by p! ress on an open and human race declaration of the square(a) reliance . Some believed they could work inside the Church of England . Others did not and split with the Church of England to form their own body . legion(predicate) moved to Amsterdam to escape religious persecutionOne group plungeed Plymouth dependency in New England . Other settlers went to the mummy talk dependency in 1628 , with John Winthrop as their leader . This group believed that England and europium were to suffer a heavy squander and judgment from etched image . These Separating Puritans were conclavealists in church government . Puritanism was potently improve and Calvinistic (Presbyterian , victimization government by elders as their begin . The local groups in the the Statess to be local and case-by-case . for each one congregation was autonomous and elected its own elders or leaders . Church and state were partners in their mixed majority radiation pattern from which wome n were excluded . The rulers were selected from a circle of men who carried out god s laws as interpreted by the Bible and their own male ministersEarly Puritan colonies had different ideas of the goals of their the Statesn experiment . Originally , they were all modify that God led them to America to be essay and tried and true and to become a New Israel dwelling in a urban contract on a Hill , meant to dole out as a model for all the world to arrest . independence of religion was their secondary issue . The first was to live as a nation under God s focalisation and augur . The Congregationals among them believed that a church of visible saints required uttermost withstand of a person s life . This belief causes the milliampere Bay Puritans to add the test of saving faith to those already open up (iconoclasm , righteousity , and profession of faith They worked out a care for by which an one-on-one s saving faith could be witnessed - a narrative recited fo rward the church meeting place , subject to cover up! examination . Only those men who passed this test became the visible saintsThe Congregational section of Puritanism became the main Christian designation in New England as it progressed from the more odd beliefs of the original Puritans in England and in the American colonies , i .e . the City on the Hill model and the fourth test of individual salvation . Some Puritan traditions , as continued by means of Congregationalism , were important in the formation of America . Harvard and Yale were founded by Congregationalists . renowned New England families (Dams , Beecher , Bushnell , Abbott , and James ) use up on shared out Congregationalist ideas and values with America . Typical Puritan-American principles were include in the mayflower Compact and in John Winthrop s beat of Christian generosity . Its ideas are in the Declaration of exemption , the Constitution , and writings of several presidentsBy the end of the 17th Century , Congregationalism was an American denomination promoting distinctly American ideas . America was land promised to the saints . The notion of a covenanted people living in the promised land was not shared by all immigrants . The great great deal became particular , but Congregational beliefs still were attractive to many Americans . Congregationalism succeeded in spreading its vision of a New Israel of God into the American way of thinking and action . This is the origin of the supposition of America as the nation with the soul of a church , a nation with a chosen , and a worshipful charge in the world PAGEPAGE 7American History Assignment Page2 . mavin expert movements in the Anglo-American colonies in the eighteenth century : the great arouse and the skillThe big(p) AwakeningThe prominent Awakening is usually delimitate as a concurrence of spontaneous Christian revivals that took luff in compound America during the first half of the eighteenth Century . Reich sees the cause as based in the profit of religious denominations and drop of formal! church membership . The American colonists became increasingly detached geographically and did not like the unrelenting admission requirements of the actual churches . Ministers sought to fill their spiritual and horny needs to bring the colonists back to church with their bodies and their money . Clergymen began to lecture emotional sermons well-nigh personal reform , public penitence , and performance of mature deedsSome preachers were and remain famous . The brilliant Congregationalist preacher , Jonathan Edwards , in Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God described the constituent of unrepentant sinners very graphically , intending to shake up his congregation members into repentance and joining the kingdom of heaven . He preached satisfying Reformation doctrines of the Gospel as St . Augustine , Luther , and Calvin presented it . His people had to correspond that they were warrant by God s grace alone and that their lot was determined by God alone . This re alization fitly terrorized his church members . Their transformations were evidenced by weeping , emotional split up , trance , and re bracinged attention to the disciplines of the spiritual life . Theodore J . Frelinghuysen confronted the Dutch Reformed in New Jersey with the warmth of their spiritual responsibilities . William Tennent and his sons preached to the Presbyterians in Pennsylvania and New Jersey , utilise methods and ideas that were to become fundamental to American revivalism . Tennent also said that gain comes from the soul of a converted speaker . The people must(prenominal) go wherever such preaching may be found .

The converted preacher w! as free to move about and preach as led by the call of God This new form of religious function became the itinerant preacherReich believes that the functionary branch of the Great Awakening was when George Whitefield , a circuit equitation American evangelist , came from America and reached his way up and deplete the Atlantic Coast from 1739 to 1941 . His large audiences wanted to know , What must I do to be saved Whitefield made heptad trips to America and preached more than 18 ,000 sermons . Francis Asbury , a Methodist change of perspective evangelist preaching human perfectibility and possible salvation for all , spread Methodist teachings rapidly as he travelled 270 ,000 miles , preached 16 ,000 times , and enrolled 200 ,000 members in the Methodist ChurchThe Great Awakening influenced colonial society and increased religious freedom and denominations . Colleges were founded to train ministers Since the preachers emphasized that all people were equal originally G od reform movements began to improve orphanages and insisted on more human-centred treatment of Native Americans and African American slavesThe discernmentWhile the American colonies were reality founded , European and English scientists were establishing modern ideas of physics , astronomy chemical science , and mathematics . Newton s opinion of God , basic to ideas of the depth , was that a benevolent God created the universe and laid dispirited the unchangeable laws that governed it . Therefore , people could use their own moral and ethical reasoning to live in conformity with born(p) laws , ultimately reaching perfection . The American Revolution and beautify was a perfect laboratory for the American followers of the insight . gum benzoin Franklin , with his logical wisdom and air of self-made legal injury , was the example of this new humanity George majuscule became its heroSince America had no feudalism and there was plenty of land to go rough , the colon ies were an ideal laboratory for the ideas of the Enl! ightenment . noted American scientists include Thomas Hariot astronomer and mathematician and a member of the first Roanoke colony Dr . Lawrence Bohum , who studied herbs and therapeutic plants in early Jamestown and Dr . John Winthrop , Jr , who trade a telescope and discovered Jupiter s ordinal Moon . Benjamin Franklin , combining research with inventions , invented the lightning rod , central glasses , and the Franklin mountain range . His research on electricity was translated into French German , and Italian . The Library Company of Philadelphia , which he organized , had the largest collection of scientific books in the coloniesMedical treatment in general began to improve , as more Americans went to Europe to interpret medicine . When the first American hospital opened in Philadelphia , it had half the mortality rate of similar European hospitals . machination was slower to develop in the Americas . There were noted portraying painters . Craftsmen were in gre at enquire . Huguenot silversmiths made Philadelphia another center of colonial silver fashioning Furniture makers created unique piece of furniture that did not copy European styles . While the colonists did not win the desired golden age of the Enlightenment , they had freedom to designate themselves and pursue occupations not other available to them in Europe REFERENCESNoAll of the material in this is intermixed and from the next two sourcesReich , Jerome R . compound America - 5th Ed . New Jersey , assimilator Hall 2001(References pages 209-222Wentz , Richard E . The pliant of Religious Traditions in the coupled States . Minneapolis , Augsburg Fortress , 1990 (Reference pages 63-75 [Puritans] ps . 165-183 [Great Awakening] ...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: BestEssayCheap.com

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