Personal Financial Management

Personal Financial Management Introduction A contingency plan is an essential tool in the preparation of a retirement plan and an estate management plan. The goal of this contingency plan is guarantee the maximum possible use of existing and anticipated financial resources by coordinating all of the assets, liabilities, and other sources of income of an individual.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Personal Financial Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the process of developing a contingency plan, it is assumed that and individual has the willingness and capability to undertake necessary cash and investment commitments. Furthermore, there is also the need to be uniquely identified in order to come up with appropriate recommendations. This will ensure that the plan is realistic, effective, and efficient. Discussion In the current setting, the level of risk tolerance is moderate. Therefore, the willingness to take on risks is similar to th e capacity to assume risks. Given that existing income requirements for the portfolio are minimal, there has to be a total return methodology on the continuing capital gains rather than the creation of current income. However, existing liquid assets are adequate to offer cash reserves during any emergency (Kapoor, Dlabay, Hughes, 2012). Since the wish is to retire after 32 years of active employment, the key objective is to have a balanced portfolio in order to have sufficient retirement income. In such a case, it is important to manage the financial assets by having a portfolio comprising both taxable accounts as well as two IRAs. The calculations for this plan are based on average annual inflation being at four percent with the social security inclusion being at fifty percent. The bond mutual funds are at 4% with the equities giving a return of between 5-10%. On the other hand, annuities amount to around 5% with social security COLA rates being at 3%. The personal residence and p roperty growth rates are at 2%. The inflation of the college expenses stands at 7%. The family assets, cash-value life- insurance, as well as liabilities are defined at present market value (Kapoor, Dlabay, Hughes, 2012). The key strategy is to join an investment club and then to manage a portfolio of nearly eight to ten minor capitalization of stocks. Furthermore, investments will be done on mutual funds that are well managed due to their high-quality complements towards the personal stock holdings. Consequently, investments will be done in the other partner’s IRA but in a fund that focuses on high quality large capitalization companies.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The smaller IRA can be invested in an aggressive expansion small cap fund while the other taxable assets will be invested in the equity income fund, a money market fund, a global fund and fi nally, to a short-term bond fund. Given the existing uncertainty regarding the markets outlook, portfolio diversification will assist in dampening volatility while providing the room to ride out any downturns arising from a given market segment. Notably, replacement costs take most of the familys budget especially replacement of key items. Therefore, the annual income target is aimed at $200,000 and the plan is to increase it at an average annual inflation level of nearly two percent over the life expectancy. Saving current income is the key to attain financial goals while preparing for emergencies (Stovall Maurer, 2011). When it comes to the retirement plan, the social security will provide a distinctive advantage since it covers inflation-adjusted incomes. This will help to keep at bay erosive outcomes arising from inflation. Therefore, it will be essential to restructure the income together with the assets to meet current tax liabilities. Therefore, nearly 50% of the non-pension assets will be invested in equities while the other 50% will be on fixed-income along with cash. On the other hand, pension payments will be dealt with as fixed-income assets whereby almost 70% will be invested in equities while the remaining 30% will be invested in fixed-income plus cash. Therefore, this investment will act as a source of constant income that will be used to meet the familys daily expenses. Consequently, it will act as a foundation for growth in case the living expenses increase due to inflation. However, it is essential to consider the idea of overcoming inflation while supporting a desired lifestyle. The firmness of life insurance companies is also a growing concern due to financial troubles in the industry. Savings also offer economic control and as such, the savings will cover between 3-6 months of the living expenses.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Personal Financial Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Therefore, this entails maintaining a sufficient disability as well as survivor income to sustain present living standards without depleting the capital until retirement. A credit management strategy from a professional will help in avoiding dealing with credit agencies by managing the credit debt. A good debt reduction plan will help in straightening out the inaccurate credit history. For instance, Equifax from Creditnet will help to monitor the credit profiles from every bureau. It will also provide notices if any changes can result in an unmanageable debt profile and protect identity from any fraudulent acts. Furthermore, it will offer simulations on how certain credit acts being undertaken can affect the credit score in addition to providing tips on how to administer the credit score (Kapoor, Dlabay, Hughes, 2012). Under estate planning, providing for the children is a major concern and the course of action should be that all of the property will be passed t o the surviving partner and the distribution to the children will be after the partner’s death. The estate plan entails applying gift and estate tax credit due to access to the gift tax credit, referred to as applicable credit tax. This plan involves distributing the applicable credit total, to the children after the death of the first partner. Thus, transferring of the estate balance to the surviving partner will be under unrestricted marital deductions through a trust arrangement. Such a plan will help to minimize the amount of the remaining partners estate that in the end trims down the estate tax obligations (Kapoor, Dlabay, Hughes, 2012). The distribution will happen after the first death of a partner and the trust created and will ultimately distribute equal shares of the estate to all the children. If the other partner becomes involved in running the family business then life insurance will facilitate her to execute a buy-sell agreement that is funded from the life in surance. Furthermore, in case of death, the proceeds from the insurance will be used to buy the business interest arising from the estate. Accordingly, the children will have full control of the business, as well as the estate including the cash that they can divide among them or their heirs.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, purchasing of the life insurance can be done directly to equalize the estate and not to increase the value of the estate that in the end can attract estate tax liability. In order to avoid the uncalled for tax drain and provide additional money to the estate, every instance of ownership will be removed from the insured. For this reason, the marginal tax bracket should remain at 30% whereby the average tax bracket lingers at 24%. The surviving spouse will most likely continue with the existing pension payments and she should have a possible advisor who can assist in assessing the options. Therefore, assets received upon death like life insurance payments can be invested into intermediate-term fixed-income funds to have the liquidity that can be used in later on investments in various funds. Furthermore, the IRA should be turned into the other spouse IRA and then invested in a similarly aggressive expansion fund such that the asset allotment remains unaffected until a better option arises. Given the fact that death can occur when the beneficiary is a minor or he/she has developed special needs, a guardian will be appointed to take charge of beneficiarys personal care. Therefore, a residuary clause will ensure that disposal of the estate assets following payments of all debts will be passed on the children (Stovall Maurer, 2011). The competitive line of credit from the bank will offer the capital required to run the rental real estate business. The business will be dealt as a personal net worth and it should have stable plus dependable cash flows including protection from disasters. Investment decisions are based on projections from markets and asset class. An asset allocation approach will offer the prospect for additional control over the amount of return in return for assuming further risks. The asset allocation is also a no-derivative approach that will help to minimize risks in addition to reducing the in general portfolio volatility. Holding vario us asset classes will help to reduce the risks especially when major markets go down. In such a plan, the key concern is to ensure that the mortgage is completed by 2025, and the vehicle loan by 2014. In addition, poor health, inflation, disability, and possible tax hikes are obstacles that can impede the plan. In order to minimize tax liability and at the same time preserve more of the estate an amount of up to $13,000 will be contributed yearly to the childs college account, so as not to incur federal gift tax charges (Stovall Maurer, 2011). Estate planning includes minimizing probable taxes, and thus help in assuring preferences concerning health care treatment. A proper estate planning recognizes what will take place in the home, investments, life insurance, the retirement plan, and additional property, especially in the event of a disability. Conclusion The above contingency plan has come up with an estate plan that not only serves the immediate needs but also the future neces sities of the beneficiaries. It covers a broad series of legal, tax, as well as financial considerations. The contingency plan takes into consideration the coordination of the plan with those of estate goals. Given that investment in the family business is a crucial asset, the plan has addressed retirement and estate planning matters comprising value of the shares and the estate, the insurance, retirement planning as well as the preservation of the estate. References Kapoor, J. R., Dlabay, L. R., Hughes, R. J. (2012). Personal Finance (10 ed.). Los Angeles: McGraw-Hill Irwin. Stovall, J., Maurer, T. (2011). The Ultimate Financial Plan: Balancing Your Money and Life. New York: Blackwell.

JFK's Influence on the Civil Rights Movement Essay

JFK's Influence on the Civil Rights Movement - Essay Example The movement was more or less non-violent in nature. The civil rights movement of the people of America was a success as the protest was resultant into changes in attitude of the people of America mainly the upper class towards the African-Americans. From a broader perspective not all who stressed for racial fairness between 1954 and 1968 did so in the expectation of endorsingpeaceful social change. A noteworthyshare of the civil rights drive was, however, dedicated to the idea of diplomatic challenges, rather than bloodstainedconfrontation or attack, to change racist establishments. Historian does believe that USA President John F. Kennedy was a significant character associated with the civil rights movement in the USA. The paper is critically analyzing the role played by USA president John F. Kennedy during the 1960s civil rights movement in the USA. The thesis associated with this paper is: Is John F Kennedy is the most influential president of the USA in terms of implementation o f Civil Rights and other policy implementation. John F Kennedy was considered as one of the key player in the successful implementation of civil rights movement in the USA.As a matter of fact his role in the civil rights movement of 1960s was considered as of his greatest legacies. His speech during 1963 while framing the civil rights as both legitimate and moral authoritative force helped to a great extent to form the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and made him an icon of the movement. During 1960, there was a President election scheduled to be held in the USA and candidates for that post John F. Kennedy and Richard Nixon. The movement was so intense that neither of them was able to ignore that. John F. Kennedy was the winner of that election and his sympathy for civil rights leader Martin Luther King when he was in jail was a great step taken by him which created an image of his

One hundred years of solitude draft1 Research Paper

One hundred years of solitude draft1 - Research Paper Example From that Island, Arcadio invents a world according to his perceptions. Soon after foundation of Macondo, it became a town frequented by extraordinary and unusual events involving the generations of Buendia Family. The family becomes unwilling to escape the wrath of their self-inflicted misfortunes. Finally, a fierce hurricane destroys the town. At the end of the novel, a descendant of Buendia deciphers an encryption, which generations of the family have failed to decode. The secret message became an informer to the recipients of every misfortune and fortune. A look at one Hundred Years of Solitude from the theoretical framework of Post Colonial Criticism reveals interesting relationships between the novel and the present day Columbia. From a postcolonial lens, the novel expresses symbolism and metaphors in a way that has much similarity to Columbia. The protagonists in the novel are controlled by the complexity of time and their past. Ghosts throughout the novel follow the characters. The ghosts symbolize the past and the haunting nature the ghosts have over Macondo (GarciÃŒ a194). The displaced repetition and the ghosts evoked are firmly grounded in the development of Columbian history. Ideological configuration of Columbia ensured that Buendias and Mocondo were always ghosts to some extent. The ghosts are estranged and alienated from history. They represent the victims of harsh reality of colonialism and underdevelopment. Additionally, it represents the ideological illusions, which haunt and reinforce social conditions in the postcol onial Columbia. Columbia was colonized by Spain. Post-colonialism critical lens upon Columbia interprets the changes and challenges of the colonized Columbia as the effects of its colonization. The core imperative symbols are power and oppression. The goal of this critical lens is to seek and understand the behavior of the Columbian characters and society as a whole. These behaviors and character traits can be

The Environmental Case Analysis Of Ryanair Commerce Essay

The Environmental Case Analysis Of Ryanair Commerce Essay In an organisation the most important feature is its strategy, because strategy is the feature which gives the means to the firm to be successful. This is an effective long-term method to conduct an organisation to reach its objectives and goals to stay put on its competitive edge The scope of this essay is to consult the strategic analysis of environment and the industry together with the companys present strategic choices, and also it is requested to recommend new strategic initiatives and areas for improving strategy implementation for the senior management team of Ryanair. This is conducted with the use of six strategic models (SWOT, PESTLE, Porters Five Forces, Strategic groups, Value Chain and VRIO) that are recommended to be used to analyse the internal and external environment of the company. Each model will be taken in to deliberation and discussed carefully to highlight what had begin the case for the negative perception and the positive perception of both the customers and the companies towards its growth and sustainability Therefore this case study will be analysed to pin point on what should be done for the future strategic management of the company. Out of all the low fare airlines in the European industry Ryanair takes the lead. This airline however is from Ireland and its head office is situated in Dublin. London Stansted Airport in UK is its main operational base. Ryanair is named as the largest low cost carrier and the is the third largest airline in the account of passenger numbers. To offer- secure, cost competitive and efficient in services in the aviation hauling and to retain their employees dedication and devotion to fulfil the objectives of the industry, to maintain minimum standard of on time performance rate while complying will all application regulations and to sustain an environments where dignity and family values are being utilized. Objectives To achieve revenue growth annually To aim on having a bigger market share To have a better customer service than their rival companies To have a stronger business image Reputations with clients than rivals To be recognized as a leader among airline industries To compete in the global market To have a stable competitive advantage (Marivic .B 2009) 3.0 Micro environment analysis (Internal analysis) Organisations create worth of customer value being measured by a product performance characterises and by the credits which customers are willing to pay, by utilizing the capabilities and resources that are found internally and reaching the demand of standard global competition . These particular collection of capabilities and resources which gives the exclusive advantages to the organisation are therefore measured as core competencies Carpenter, Bauer, Erdogan (2009) 3.1 SWOT analysis (Strength and Weaknesses) Strengths The lowest cost in contrast to all the other LCC in Europe The low cost leadership had made it stand out from the arena of LCC industry in Europe The worlds most profitable airline According to the case Ryanair was the most profitable airline in the world on the basis of its operating and net profit margin, on per airline and passenger basis. Brand recognition It is claimed according to the case that Ryanairs website was the largest travel website in Europe and the fifth most recognized brand in Google The attitude of No frill Low fare To overcome the weakness of low passengers the airline restyled the system with this attitude Compared to other LCC airlines Ryanair has the most passengers 42 million passengers in 2007 Most amount of bases with most amount of aircrafts According to the case study Ryanair has flown from 16 bases with over 100 new Boeing 737-800 ordering further 138 new air crafts doubling the size Highest control in the EU low cost market 29.9% from the entire Low cost market Being the youngest fleet of all the major airlines in the EU Replacing its fleet of old aircrafts with new, more eco friendly aircrafts, minimizing the average age of its fleet to 2.4 years. Weaknesses Wheelchair chargers Bad reputation and ethical issues reflected when ryanair charged 18 pounds to use a wheelchair and in response to the protest it reduced the charge to 50 cents wheelchair toll on every passenger ticket Poor service quality The little legroom and unfriendly staff being the worst part of Ryanairs know-how Extra charge for food and luggages Carryon luggages being limited and making them check in bags allowing the passengers to walk in with minimum of hold luggage Bad relationship with the pilots Ryanair has bullied pilots to force them to agree to new contracts wherer they would have to pay 15,000 francs for retraining on new aircrafts if they left the airline. Airports in the suburbs Away from the main city make the customers inconvenient Negative response by the passengers for the additional services According to the case not all ancillary services initiatives were successful in 2005, passengers were resistance to pay additional amount because they thought it is not a worthwhile investment for a short flight. 3.2 The Value chain Infrastructure of the firm Around Europe Ryanair has 16 bases having the main bases in Stanstead and Dublin. The chargers of Ryanair airports are low due to its use of airports that are significantly away from the congested main airports. As adaptation for surcharges are not included for fuel they have to cut costs of on other ways with implementing chargers for the use of wheelchairs ,food and extra luggages. Ryanair having one type of aircrafts (boeing 737) they only have to train the pilots to fly thos particular plane hence can cut down costs as they do not have to be sent to various courses.The hierachial structure of Ryanair is very effective as the managers have to report to the CEO to make decision from the information given. Human Resource management Having the employees sleep in the bases and not having them stay in hotels has made Ryanair reduce costs. Ryanair can make future plans since they have a good roster for most of their workers having 4 days on and 3 days off. Technological development Online booking was introduced by Ryanair for the first time and thus they became eligible to reduce their costs. Self-check service enabling to the passengers was also introduced too thus Ryanair was able to reduce staff and cost. Having the youngest fleets in the EU made Ryanair reduced in costs for the new airplanes. Procurement Ryanair only providing a service and having to outsource the material they need. in addition to that they have to buy fuel and equipment collectively with leasing planes. Inbound logistics Out sourcing of handling services is very common fir a business like this I.e. cleaning service, food, medical services and security/safety. Operations Before setting off it is a must to check out all the planes and equipments by the pilots and the airports used are not very congested and only make point to point trips Marketing and sales Having the biggest website in Europe and having large advertising boards made them increase in sales and marketing. However the attempt of introducing the entertainment facility onto flights where customers had to pay more was failed as people refused to pay due to short journeys Service Having tried to keep the fleet up-to-date and letting the staff go on course once a year to improve their knowledge and making sure they know all the new regulations made Ryanair powerful on services as well. 3.3 VRIO Analysis Resources and capabilities can be regard as things that an organization own. It is essential to narrow down and clarify the core competencies to understand the meaning of the different organizational performances. If an organizations resource and capabilities are valuable, rare, inimitable and organized then it will direct to a sustainable competitive advantage. The internal analysis can thus be analyzed through this base of VRIO framework. Carpenter. M, Bauer. T, Erdogan .B (2009) Analysis of the case Recourses Valuable Rare Inimitability Organized Competitive Implication (1) Human Resources No No No No Competitive disadvantage (2) Finance Resources Yes Yes Yes Yes Sustainable competitive advantage (3) Tangible assets Yes No No Yes Competitive Parity (4) Intangible assets Yes Yes Yes Yes Sustainable competitive advantage (Table 1) The human resource of Ryanair is a competitive disadvantage as it highlights on bad relationship with pilots therefore it is not valuable it is not rare it is inimitable and it is not organized as it is not effectively arranged and deployed in the market. The Finance resources of Ryanair is valuable, it is rare, it cannot be imitated by other airlines and it is well organised and effectively arranged in the market thus it is a sustainable competitive advantage. The tangible assets of Ryanair i.e. the airplane types etc are valuable but they are not rare they can find them anywhere and the planes are imitable as any other company could have the same kind of flights. They are very well organized with the youngest planes and eco friendly with better airlines to come in to the firm in the future. Thus it has a competitive parity. The intangible assets of Ryanair especially the brand recognition are valuable they are rare and they are inimitable and they also effectively help the organisation to be organized. Thus it is a sustainable competitive advantage. 4.0 External analysis 4.1 SWOT analysis (Opportunities and Threats) Opportunities Sales increases due to credit crunch As a result of the recent recession the credit crunch made the sales increase as many customers wanted to reduce their costs. Can join the long haul market penetration by the possibility of taking over Aer Lingus As the result of losing the bid Miceal OLeary assumed that Aer Lingus can be bought over as it has no long term future. Most routes are being clear as other carriers start withdrawing As the clash increased with the routes of Ryanair other airlines such as My Travel Light are avoiding the routes all together. Threats Threats due to accidents If an accident happen in a LCC airline it will Marjory affect the firm as there are a very high percentage of significant reduce in demand Attacks of terrorists Attacks like 9/11 will reduce the demand for airlines. Increasing fuel price Ryanair limiting its ability to pass on increased costs to the passengers of low fare placing extra fare on the carriers as a policy to find cost saving in other spheres of its operations leading Ryanair for hedging. Possibility of taxation introduction Due to global warming there can be a environmental taxation Increased competition from developing countries Easyjet having and extra skyttax star For website booking and customer support Ryanair scored 1/5 in nine of the 16 criterias. (Bitterwallet nd) 4.2 The PESTLE analytical technique (Figure 1) The Macro Environmental analysis, What makes a good leader? Political One of the significant advantages to Ryanair is its political environment as the majority of its procedures are controlled within Europe. This region maintains political stability and it was a fact that we all knew. Even when there is government instability Ryanair does not experience issues as an apprehension regarding passenger volumes or flight destinations Economic For the airlines industry the increment of fuel price caused a major problem they had to cut corners if they did not hedge to accumulate cost on other areas. There can be seen a fall in demand for the flights due to the recent economic crisis. Hence job cuts increased and customers have low disposable income blocking them to spend on vacations. However this could be an advantage for other cheaper airline industries as there are people who are still able to afford a vacation as they are looking for lower cost alternatives. Social This factor has generally impacted Ryanairs business strategy. The prediction of Buyer behavior are becoming gradually more complex to forecast as loyalty are being shifted by the modern consumers from one brand to anther due to the differentiation of price and lack of basic buyer reliability. In addition to that the increasing competition among carriers with low cost fare is resulting in consumers mentally in which carrier to choose when traveling within Europe destinations. Technological The modern era is advance in technology which means that the entire industry is under change with more eco friendly and efficient. Online booking is one major improvement Ryanair has technological wise having the most visited travel website in Europe together with the fifth most recognized brand on Google Legal The heavily regulated industry with laws that are constantly adapting to new changers by not allowing liquid in the customers carry on luggages bring the legal aspect of Ryanair in to action. The new laws that implies to airline industries are the laws that are put across the industries to be more environmentally friendly. This will thus lead to companies fight ting to reduce carbon emission and make the industry less harmful to the environment to meet the terms of EU regulations. Environmental The external environment of Ryanair is somewhat stable. Nevertheless understanding the consumer behavior is Ryanairs biggest problem together with utilizing marketing applications to improve entire buyer patronage and sales performance. 4.3 Porters Five Forcers The case study will be discussed through the porters five forces analysis. This analysis is a very powerful yet simple technique to find out where the power stays in a business. This technique is used to comprehend the strengths of the present competitive position and the future where Ryanair is willing to go in. High Medium Low High Medium Bargaining power of suppliers In the airline industry there is a small number of low fare airlines, thus it shows a high threat according to the case Ryanair is being chosen by many customers for its lowest price. However by any chance if there is a price raise customers have a high potential of switching to another brand in brief customers have no loyalty towards one brand. Which gives the result as bargaining power of the suppliers is low. Bargaining power of buyers The potential of switching to other airlines are very common with LCCs since the customers are only looking for the cheapest. Therefore if Ryanair increase the cost under any circumstance there is a possibility of losing customer. In that case its evident that buyer bargaining power is high. Rivalry of competitors As a result of slow growth in the industry most carriers find it difficult to succeed the chance of succession is limited to a few firms because of the competition for market share. The high fixed cost and low product differentiation leads to high rivalry threat. This shows with Air Ligus, GlyBe and Easyjet following the similar path of Ryanair. Substitution Threat There are many substitutes for long trip i.e. Trains Buses, cars, ferries. However one cannot compare a plane with all of the above mentioned alternatives and a plane travel faster than any of them. Therefore substitute threat is moderate. The threat of new entry Airline industry is not the easiest to enter it has a lot of barriers. Ryanair is the market leader and with the implementations of new regulations and the pressure to reduce carbon emission makes it a moderate threat of new entry to the market. 4.4 Strategic groups Quality 3 2 1 Cost According to the dimensions of quality and cost of the entire industry (Refer appendix 1) 1st group falls under the same strategic group as they have same strategy of low cost leadership. 2nd group mainly serving to the people with a moderate income levels and moderate cost therefore they have the same strategy of medium cost leadership strategy. 3rd group falls under the same strategic group, as they have the same strategy of high cost high quality. Profitability 3 2 1 Number of passengers According to the dimension of profitability and number of passengers of Budget airline industry (Refer appendix 1) 1st group falls under the same strategic group as they have low profit and lowest number of passengers 2nd group falls under the same strategic group as they have medium profitability and medium amount of passengers travelling 3rd group falls under the same strategic group as they have high profitability and the highest number of passenger 5.0 Strategic choices and the recommended strategy The strategic framework of change management This framework helps Ryanair to understand the substantial change over recent years and the importance of organisational culture to organizational analysis. It also can be used to identify the key steps that could improve the management of change. However according to the Ryanair case study management is up to a good standard and therefore change management is least important The strategic framework for advertising challengers This framework can be implemented to Ryanair as it had an incident with a customer where she was mislead by an advertisement, yet this framework is also a less important The strategic framework for Customer Relationship Management This framework is used to broaden the understanding of CRM. Negative response by the passengers for the additional services Bad relationship with the pilots Poor service quality These are some of the weaknesses Ryanairs CRM come across thus to fill the bridge of the gap between negative attitude towards Customer relationship and to make it more favourable it is a must for ryanair to focus on the CRM. If Ryanair take this strategic frame work in to action they will be able to Become The most favourable airline in the industry The most profitable budget airline The positive word of mouth The well recognized brand in the industry Moreover with Customer relationship management the internal market will be looked in to with a positive perspective when the employees are motivated and when there is a beginning for employment recognition thus employees will be treated well which will lead to an overall success of the airline 6.0 Conclusion Ryanair case study was analysed through six analytical techniques (SWOT, PESTLE, Porters five Forces, Value chain, VRIO and strategic groups). Based on the analysers the management can now understand that in order to improve the strategic implementation they must follow the strategic framework of Customer relationship management It helps to bridge the gap and to meet their objectives. Therefore when the recommended framework is implemented the vision of Ryanair can be reached easily. 7.0 Referencing Beamish. H.R, 2008 Strategic management, 3rd edition, Pearson Prentice Hall Bourgeois L.J, Duhaime.I.M, Stimpert J.L, (1999) Strategic Management: a managerial perspective, 2nd Edition, Dryden press, USA Bourgeois L.J, Duhaime.I.M, Stimpert J.L, (1999) Strategic Management: a managerial perspective, 2nd Edition, Dryden press, USA Carpenter. M, Bauer. T, Erdogan .B (March 2009), Developing strategy through internal analysis Principles of management, ,Retrived on 15th April 2010 from http://www.flatworldknowledge.com/pub/1.0/principles-management/29045 Carpenter. M, Bauer. T, Erdogan .B (March 2009), Developing strategy through internal analysis, Principles of management and Organisational Behaviour, ,Retrived on 15th April 2010 from http://www.flatworldknowledge.com/pub/1.0/principles-management-and-orga/32825 De Puget.G, 2003, French Accent Ryanair Slow on Emotion, Brandchannel, Retrieved on 11th April 2010 from http://www.brandchannel.com/brand_speak.asp?bs_id=72 Eerste. P de, (2008), Boeing 737-800 RyanAir Textures, Retrieved on 25th April 2010 from http://simviation.com/simviation/index.php?type=itemHYPERLINK http://simviation.com/simviation/index.php?type=itemID=60page=9HYPERLINK http://simviation.com/simviation/index.php?type=itemID=60page=9ID=60HYPERLINK http://simviation.com/simviation/index.php?type=itemID=60page=9HYPERLINK http://simviation.com/simviation/index.php?type=itemID=60page=9page=9 GRUNDY, T. (2006) Rethinking and reinventing Michael Porters five forces model. Strategic Change. Vol 15, No 5, August. pp213-229. http://www.coursework4you.co.uk/essays-and-dissertations/porter-5-forces.php Haberberg, A. and Rieple, A. (2001), The Strategic Management of Organizations, Essex: Pearson Education Limited. Johnson, G., Scholes, K. (1997). Exploring corporate strategy (4th ed.). London: Prentice Hall Johnson G, Sholes K, Whittington R, (2005) Exploring Corporate Strategy: text and cases 7th Edition, London: Prentice Hall Marivic.B, 2009,Ryanair financial objective, Thinking made easy, Retrieved on 11th April 2010 from http://ivythesis.typepad.com/term_paper_topics/2009/03/ryanairs-financial-objectives.html Mun.J, (2008) Analysis of Ryanairs Competitive Advantages Business HYPERLINK http://www.associatedcontent.com/business/?cat=3HYPERLINK http://www.associatedcontent.com/business/?cat=3 Finance , Retrieved on 17th April 2010 from http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/1159874/analysis_of_ryanairs_competitive_advantages.html Porters five forces, Mind Tools retrieved on 12th April 2010 from http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newTMC_08.htm Ryanair,Airfearsflights nd retrived on 10th April 2010 from http://www.airfaresflights.co.uk/airlines/Ryanair Figure 1 http://www.whatmakesagoodleader.com/macro-environment-analysis.html 8.0 Appendixes

Madam

Introduction to Roman Society and Culture Erik Gunderson (e. [email  protected] ca) TR10-12; Brennan Hall 200 Of? ce Hours at Lilian Massey 207: M 2-3; TR 9-10; and by appointment Description: Our goal is to become familiar with some of the key events, personalities, and themes of Roman civilization. We will examine in particular those issues that the Romans themselves emphasized as essential aspects of Roman identity. Evaluation: mid-term exam: in-class essay: ? nal examination: Texts: Required: Livy, Livy The Early History of Rome, Books I-V. Penguin) (ISBN: 978-0140448092) Petronius, Satyricon (Penguin) (ISBN: 978-0140444896) Course reader Suggested: Karl Christ, The Romans: An Introduction to Their History and Civilization (California) (ISBN: 0520056345) On-Line: http://antisigma. classics. utoronto. ca/classes/2011-12/cla233_wi2012/ [user: cla233; pass: wi2012] https://portal. utoronto. ca/ [check here in case there are problems with the above] 30% 30% 40% CLA233 Syllabus 1 We ek Date 1 10 Jan 12 Jan 2 17 Jan 19 Jan 3 24 Jan 26 Jan 4 31 Jan 02 Feb 5 07 Feb Theme Introduction Warriors ReadingLivy, History of Rome, Book 1 Livy, History of Rome, Book 1 Livy, History of Rome, Book 5 Livy, History of Rome, Book 5 Plutarch, Life of Aemilius Paulus Ruler and ruled Quintus Cicero, Essay on Running for Consul Plautus, Pseudolus Petronius, Satyricon, â€Å"Dinner with Trimalchio† 09 Feb Mid-term exam 6 14 Feb Speakers 16 Feb Quintilian, Institutes, Book 12 Tacitus, Dialogue on Oratory Reading Week 7 28 Feb 01 Mar Members of a family 8 06 Mar 08 Mar 9 13 Mar Social performers 15 Mar In-class paper 10 20 Mar 22 Mar 11 27 Mar Polytheists 29 Mar 12 03 Apr 05 Apr Conclusion Seneca, Moral Letters, Book 1 Suetonius, Life of Nero Livy 39. -19; Apuleius, Golden Ass, Book 11 Lucretius 1. 1-158; Plautus, Amphytruo, prologue Lucian, Alexander Sample declamations; Petronius, â€Å"Puteoli† + â€Å"Eumolpus† Cicero, Letters to his Friends, Books 14 & 16 Taci tus, Annales 13. 1-30; 14. 1-28 Plautus, Aulularia Pliny, Letters, Book 3 CLA233 Syllabus 2 Administrative notes: 1. If any member of the class is obliged to miss a test for reasons beyond his/her control, there will be no make-up exam, and the weight of the exam in question will be transferred to the next comparable element of the course requirements.Only illness, serious personal af? iction, religious obligation, and unforeseeable duties of family care will be considered good reasons for missing a test. Satisfactory evidence must be provided. If such evidence is not provided, the exam will be given zero as its score. 2. The instructor is happy to see individual members of the class to discuss any aspect of the course. But please note that this does not mean that the instructor will give private tuition to individuals.In particular, he cannot be expected to give tuition that merely repeats material covered in regular class time. Instruction is given in the classroom only. During th e of? ce hours indicated above members of the class should feel free to drop by the instructor’s of? ce without any need to make an appointment. If, however, these hours do not suit your timetable, please see the instructor at the end of class, or get in touch by telephone or email, to make an appointment at a time that suits both parties. . Members of the class are free to consult the instructor by e-mail where this is appropriate, but are asked to keep this to a minimum. Matters that need only a few moments' attention can be dispensed with more conveniently in a direct personal exchange at the end of a class. Members of the class should need no reminding that e-mail requests for individual tuition in the form of, for example, detailed questions on texts discussed in a class which a given individual did not attend will not be granted. 4.In cases of academic misconduct the instructor will assume that all members of the class are familiar with the Faculty’s codes of beh avior on academic matters and student conduct. See The Faculty of Arts and Science Calendar (http://www. artsandscience. utoronto. ca/ofr/ calendar/rules. htm#behaviour). If you are unfamiliar with these codes and the binding de? nitions of terms such as plagiarism, you are expected to become acquainted with them before submitting any work for this course. CLA233 Syllabus 3

Gsis Museo Ng Sining Essay

Museo ng Sining was established in April 1996. Its creation is a tribute to the creative endeavors of the contemporary Filipino. Its vision is to help define the growth and glorious flowing of Philippine visual arts. Its objectives are: To collect Philippine art and artistic expressions from the colonial period to the present . To exhibit and document Philippine and non-philippine art and artistic expressions . To heighten art appreciation among the 6SIS personnel and the general public The 6SlS Museo ng Sining functions not only as an exhibition space but as an ducational technology as well. It has the following activities: Permanent exhibition of the 6SlS Art Collection Changing exhibition in the galleries featuring cultural themes and works of new artists Art activities, lectures, workshops, and films focused on the role of art not only as an aesthetic experience but as a significant factor in everyday life 6SIS MUSEUM HELD â€Å"ME-DISINING† EXHIBIT The Government Service Insurance System (6SlS) held an exhibit in honor of the works of Toribio Herrera, one of the pioneers of Philippine painting in the 1920s who set the tone for modern day artists. The exhibit, titled â€Å"MediSining: The Art of Toribio Herrera, MD,† is held at the Upper Gallery of the 6SlS Museum of Art in Pasay City and ran up to November 30, 2009 In his lifetime, Herrera never exhibited his works to the public nor sold a painting as he did not seek monetary rewards for his art. In fact, his very first exhibition was held in 1972, four years after his death. Born in Tondo in 1892, Herrera first graduated in Medicine at the University of Santo Tomas in 1912. Later, he took a second course in Fine Arts at the University of the Philippines, and as eventually accepted to teach there. â€Å"Influenced by a deep understanding of both intricate human anatomy and the profound brush strokes and lines that make up perspective, his paintings are a Joy to behold,† said 6SlS President and General Manager Winston F. Garcia, in appreciation of the works of Herrera. â€Å"His scenes are simple yet very moving. † Herrera was part of the Amorsolo, Castaneda, Miranda Group of Filipino Genre Masters who set the tone of Philippine painting, particularly during the 1920s. We are lucky that in this country, we have our artists, who keep efining us as a country and as a generation,† Mr. Garcia added. SA AMIN MAY SINING The 6SlS Museum, in partnership with Kuta ng Sining, Inc. , also showcased the works of Quezon artists last August 7 to 28, 2009 entitled â€Å"Sa amin may Sining†. The province of Quezon is not only known for its Pahi yas festivity but also for the ingenuity and creativity of its home-grown artists. Featured artists in â€Å"Sa amin may Sining† include Noel P. Bueza, Erick Dator, Norman F. Ragudo, Monnar Baldemor, Jowell Gaela, and Efren D. Nantes. GSIS PAINTING COMPETITION cross the country, gives away hundreds of thousands of pesos each year to showcase the Filipinos’ rich talent in art. For this year’s competition, the 6SlS decided to have an open theme to encourage artists to explore their best in presenting and conceptualizing their artwork entry. The categories for this year’s competition include representational and non-representational. The 6SlS will give away Pl . 2 million this year, with the first prize winner for each category going home with P300,OOO. The second placer for both categories will each receive P200,OOO and PIOO,OOO for the hird prize. 6SlS ANNUAL ART COMPETITION The Government Service Insurance System (6SlS) believes in the Filipino artist and his invaluable role in shaping how the country thinks. For the sixth year. , the 6SlS is renewing its pledge to support artists all over the country through the Annual Art Competition, which aims to showcase the best paintings and sculptures of this generation. Beyond ensuring lives and property, the 6SlS also insures national heritage, for a nation that carries its artists is a nation that carries itself forward.

Color of Republican Party - Why Its Red

The color associated with the Republican Party is red, though not because the party chose it. The association between red and Republican began with the advent of color television and network news on Election Day several decades ago and has stuck with the GOP ever since. Youve heard the terms red state, for example.  A red state is one that consistently votes Republican in elections for governor and president. Conversely, a blue state is one that reliably sides with Democrats in those races. Swing states are a whole different story and can be described as either pink or purple depending on their political leanings. So why is the color red associated with Republicans?   Heres the story. First Use of Red for Republican The first use of the terms red state  to connote a Republican state came about a week before the 2000 presidential election between Republican George W. Bush and Democrat Al Gore, according to The Washington Posts Paul Farhi. The Post scoured  newspaper and magazine archives and television news broadcast transcripts dating back to 1980 for the phrase and found that the first instances could be  traced NBCs Today show and  subsequent  discussions between  Matt Lauer  and  Tim Russert  during the election season on MSNBC. Wrote Farhi: As the 2000 election became a 36-day recount debacle, the commentariat magically reached consensus on the proper colors. Newspapers began discussing the race in the larger, abstract context of red vs. blue. The deal may have been sealed when Letterman suggested a week after the vote that a compromise would make George W. Bush president of the red states and Al Gore head of the blue ones. No Consensus on Colors Before 2000 Before the 2000 president election, television networks didnt stick to any particular theme when illustrating which candidates and which parties won which states. In fact, many rotated the colors: One year Republicans would be red and the next year Republicans would be blue. Neither party really wanted to claim red as its color because of its association with communism. According to Smithsonian  magazine: Before the epic election of 2000, there was no uniformity in the maps that television stations, newspapers or magazines used to illustrate presidential elections. Pretty much everyone embraced red and blue, but which color represented which party varied, sometimes by organization, sometimes by election cycle. Newspapers including The New York Times and USA Today jumped on the Republican-red and Democrat-blue theme that year, too, and stuck with it. Both published color-coded maps of results by county. Counties that sided with Bush appeared red in the newspapers. Counties that voted for Gore were shaded in blue. The explanation Archie Tse, a senior graphics editor for the Times, gave to Smithsonian  for his choice of colors for each party was fairly straightforward: â€Å"I just decided  red  begins with ‘r,’  Republican  begins with ‘r.’ It was a more natural association.  There wasn’t much discussion about it.† Why Republicans are Forever Red The color red has stuck and is now permanently associated with Republicans. Since the 2000 election, for example, the website  RedState has become a popular source of news and information for right-leaning readers. RedState describes itself as the leading conservative, political news blog for right of center activists. The color blue is now permanently associated with Democrats. The website ActBlue, for example, helps connect political donors to Democratic candidates of their choice and has become a substantial force in how campaigns are financed.